Claude Lanzmann

Claude Lanzmann
Claude Lanzmann
	Lanzmann in 2014
Born	27 November 1925; Paris, France
Died	5 July 2018 (aged 92); Paris, France
Occupation	Filmmaker
Years active	1970–2018
Known for	Shoah (1985)
Spouse(s)	Judith Magre; (m. 1963; div. 1971); Angelika Schrobsdorff; (m. 1971); Dominique Petithory (m. 1995)
Children	2

Claude Lanzmann (French: [lanzman]; 27 November 1925 – 5 July 2018) was a French filmmaker known for the Holocaust documentary film Shoah (1985).

Early life[]

Lanzmann was born on 27 November 1925 in Paris, France, the son of Paulette (née Grobermann) and Armand Lanzmann.^[1] His family was Jewish, and had immigrated to France from Eastern Europe.^[2] He was the brother of writer Jacques Lanzmann. Lanzmann attended the Lycée Blaise-Pascal [fr] in Clermont-Ferrand.^[3] While his family disguised their identity and went into hiding during World War II,^[4] he joined the French resistance at the age of 17, along with his father and brother, and fought in Auvergne.^[3] Lanzmann opposed the French war in Algeria and signed the 1960 antiwar petition Manifesto of the 121.^[5]

Career[]

Lanzmann was the chief or of the journal Les Temps Modernes, founded by Jean-Paul Sartre and Simone de Beauvoir, and lecturer at the European Graduate School in Saas-Fee, Switzerland.^[6] In 2009 he published his memoirs under the title Le lièvre de Patagonie ("The Patagonian Hare").

Shoah[]

Lanzmann's most renowned work, Shoah (1985), is a nine-and-a-half-hour oral history of the Holocaust, broadly considered to be the foremost film on the subject. Shoah is made without the use of any historical footage, and uses only first-person testimony from perpetrators and victims, and contemporary footage of Holocaust-related sites. Interviewees include the Polish resistance fighter Jan Karski and Raul Hilberg, the American Holocaust historian. When the film was released, the director also published the complete text, including in English translation, with introductions by Lanzmann and Simone de Beauvoir.

Lanzmann disagreed, sometimes angrily, with attempts to understand the why of Hitler, stating that the evil of Hitler cannot or should not be explained and that to do so is immoral and an obscenity.^[7]

On 4 July 2018, his latest work, Les Quatre Soeurs (Shoah: Four Sisters) was released, featuring testimonials from four Holocaust survivors not included in his Shoah. Lanzmann died the following day.^[8]^[9]

Personal life[]

From 1952 to 1959,^{[citation needed]} he lived with Simone de Beauvoir. In 1963 he married French actress Judith Magre.^[10] They divorced in 1971,^{[citation needed]} and he later married Angelika Schrobsdorff, a German-Jewish writer.^[10] He divorced a second time and married Dominique Petithory in 1995.^{[citation needed]} He was the father of Angélique Lanzmann, born in 1950^{[citation needed]} and Félix Lanzmann who died in 2017, aged 23.^[11] Claude Lanzmann died on 5 July 2018 at his Paris home, after having been ill for several days. He was 92.^[8]^[9]

Honours[]

Resistance Medal with rosette
Grand Officer of the Legion of Honor (2011)^[12]
Grand Cross of the National Order of Merit
At the 63rd Berlin International Film Festival in February 2013, Lanzmann was awarded with the Honorary Golden Bear.^[13]
2010 Welt-Literaturpreis^[14]

Selected works[]

Filmography

Israel, Why (Pourquoi Israel) (1973)
Shoah (1985)
Tsahal [fr] (1994)
A Visitor from the Living [fr] (1999)
Sobibor, Oct. 14, 1943, 4 p.m (2001)
Lights and Shadows (2008)
The Karski Report [fr] (2010)
The Last of the Unjust (2013) about Benjamin Murmelstein, Elder of Theresienstadt
Napalm (2017)
Shoah: Four Sisters (2018)

As subject

Claude Lanzmann: Spectres of the Shoah (2015) a documentary about Lanzmann, directed by Adam Benzine

Books

Shoah: An Oral History of the Holocaust : The Complete Text of the Film. Pantheon Books, New York 1985, ISBN 978-0-394-55142-5
The Patagonian Hare: A Memoir (translated by Frank Wynne). London: Atlantic Books, 2012, ISBN 978-1-84887-360-5 ; Farrar, Straus and Giroux, New York 2012, ISBN 978-0-374-23004-3
La Tombe du divin plongeur. Gallimard, Paris 2012 ISBN 978-2-070-45677-2

References[]

^ Pascal, Julia (2018-07-05). "Claude Lanzmann obituary". The Guardian. Retrieved 2018-07-07.
^ Epstein, Helen (March 26, 2012). "Fuse Feature: A Conversation with Claude Lanzmann about his memoir, "The Patagonian Hare"". The Arts Fuse. Retrieved 2014-03-04.
^ ^a ^b Delacampagne, Christian (2007). "Claude Lanzmann (1925–)". In Reilly, Brian J. The Columbia History of Twentieth-century French Thought. Columbia University Press. pp. 571–72. ISBN 9780231107907.
^ Berry, Meghan (March 26, 2012). "Claude Lanzmann Talks About Shoah, de Beauvoir and His Memoir With Charlie Rose". On Campus. Archived from the original on March 30, 2012. Retrieved 2018-07-07.
^ Dax, Max (2009-06-19). "Israels Feinde machen keine Gefangenen" [Israel's enemies do not take prisoners]. Die Tageszeitung (in German). ISSN 0931-9085. Retrieved 2018-07-08.
^ Claude Lanzmann Faculty profile at European Graduate School
^ Rosenbaum, Ron (1999). "Claude Lanzmann and the War Against the Question Why". Explaining Hitler: The Search for the Origins of His Evil. HarperCollins. ISBN 0-679-43151-9.
^ ^a ^b Nouchi, Ramck (5 July 2018). "Claude Lanzmann, le réalisateur de " Shoah ", est mort". Le Monde (in French). Retrieved 5 July 2018.
^ ^a ^b Claude Lanzmann Dies: Director Best Known For Holocaust Documentary 'Shoah' Was 92
^ ^a ^b "Nothing he hasn't done, nowhere he hasn't been". Lrb.co.uk. Retrieved 2014-03-04.
^ "Claude Lanzmann se confie sur la mort de son fils Félix, 23 ans". Femme Actuelle. March 2, 2017. Retrieved 2018-07-08.
^ 'La promotion du 14 juillet de la Légion d'honneur', in Le Figaro, 14/07/2011 [1]
^ "Claude Lanzmann: an extraordinary prize for an extraordinary man". Vivamost.com. Retrieved 2013-12-16.
^ "Auszeichnung: Claude Lanzmann erhält den "Welt"-Literaturpreis". Berliner Morgenpost (in German). October 2, 2010. Retrieved November 11, 2012.